ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is one of the most common causes of preventable hearing loss especially in developing countries CSOM is a disease condition characterized by persistent perforation of tympanic membrane with recurrent or persistent mucopurulent Otorrhoea Aim: This study was undertaken to review the outcomes (hearing improvement) achieved by using various graft materials like temporalis fascia (TF), tragal cartilage (TC), Conchal cartilage (CC), autologous sculpted incus (I), autologous cortical bone (BG) in tympanoplasty surgery Material and methods: This study comprised of 14 males and 16 females patients with age ranging from 12 years to 55 years They were selected for surgery after adequate history taking, clinical, otoscopic and microscopic examination Type 1 tympanoplasty was done in 19 patients, Type 3 tympanoplasty + Modified Radical Mastoidectomy (MRM) was done in 11 patients by using various graft materials The results were evaluated in the form of rate of graft success, hearing gain, and the pre and post-operative Air Bone gap Results: Out of 30 patients, in 20 TF graft patients AB gap improvement seen in 14 patients, 5 patients did not show any change and 1 patient did not come for follow up In 2 TC graft patients, both showed improvement in AB gap In 1 patient where CC graft was used showed improvement in AB gap In 6 patients I graft was used, 2 patients showed improvement, 2 patients did not show any change, 1 patient did not come for follow up and in 1 patient AB gap worsened In 1 patient BG was used and no change in AB gap was seen Out of 30 cases graft uptake was seen in 25 cases and graft rejection was seen in 3 cases and 2 patients did not come for follow up Graft rejection was documented in one case where TF was used, one case where incus graft was used and in another case where BG was used Harinarayana N, Srikanth M A study on the outcome of tympanoplasty with various graft materials IAIM, 2018; 5(12): 77- 82 Page 78 Conclusion: Post-operative hearing gain obtained was found to be better in patients operated upon with tubotympanic disease than those operated upon with atticoantral disease The post-operative hearing improvement depends not only on the graft material used and the type of tympanoplasty but also on the pre-operative status of the ossicular chain
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate effervescent gastric floating tablets of propranolol HCl. The oral delivery of antihypertensive propranolol HCl was facilitated by preparing an effervescent floating dosage form which could increase its absorption in the stomach by increasing the drugs gastric residence time. In the present work, effervescent floating tablets were prepared with a hydrophilic carrier such as polyethylene oxide (PEO WSR N 60K and PEO WSR 303) as a release retarding agent and sodium bicarbonate as a gas generating agent. The prepared tablets were evaluated for all their physicochemical properties, in vitro buoyancy, drug release and rate order kinetics. From the results, P9 was selected as an optimized formulation based on their 12 h drug release, minimal floating lag time and maximum total floating time. The optimized formulation followed first order rate kinetics with erosion mechanism. The optimized formulation was characterized with FTIR studies and no interaction between the drug and the polymers were observed.
El propósito de la presente investigación fue desarrollar y evaluar tabletas flotantes, efervescentes de HCL propranolol. La administración oral del antihipertensivo HCL propranolol se facilitó mediante la preparación de una forma de dosificación flotante y efervescente que permitiría su absorción en el estómago, mediante el aumento del tiempo de residencia gástrico de la droga. En el presente trabajo, las tabletas flotantes efervescentes fueron preparadas con un portador hidrofílico, tal como el óxido de polietileno (PEO WSR N 60K and PEO WSR 303), como agente retardador y bicarbonato de sodio como un agente generador de gas. Se evaluaron todas las propiedades fisicoquímicas de las tabletas preparadas, su flotación in vitro y su tasa de orden cinético. Se seleccionó el P9 a partir de los resultados obtenidos, como una fórmula óptima, basados en la liberación de la droga a las 12 h, tiempo mínimo de retraso para flotación y máximo tiempo total de flotación. La formulación optimizada siguió una tasa cinética de primer orden con mecanismo de erosión. Esta fórmula óptima se caracterizó mediante estudios FITR y no se observó ninguna interacción entre la droga y los polímeros utilizados.